Manovich references an infovis classic called Flight Patterns, which “uses numerical data about the flight schedules and trajectories of all planes that fly over the United States to create an animated map which displays the pattern formed by their movement over a 24-hour period”. The result is extremely aesthetically pleasing and simply illustrates the volume and relative pattern of air traffic in a given day, however, it lacks substance. This loss of substance to create something that creates a visual representation of data is the concept of reduction.

Flight Patterns
For those desiring to know anything more about the flights, Flight Patterns can no longer be of assistance. The principle of reduction “throws away 99 per cent of what is specific about each object to represent only 1 per cent- in the hope of revealing patterns across this 1 per cent of object’s characteristics” (Manovich 38). Reduction is a data tool used to represent the parts of the data the user finds the most useful.
A different approach made possible by modern technology is FlightAware, a website that allows real time tracking and Air Traffic Control data on a similar interface. Though it is far less aesthetically pleasing, it enables users with a more advanced understanding of the subject to dig deeper into the movement of aircraft across the world. This gives a more holistic view of the data because it does not reduce as much as Flight Patterns.

FlightAware
Despite the impressive difference between the two sites, neither one is objectively superior. These two sites create a fascinating study between a creator’s choice to display more or less data, and the graphics they use to display that data. The choices the creators make regarding these displays can be tailored to create the most effective product for their intended audience. Flight Patterns is simple yet beautiful and provides a stunning image for the casual user, whereas FlightAware provides a more functional yet less visually pleasing interface for the advanced user.
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